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    Fungal inoculum properties : Extracellular enzyme expression and pentachlorophenol removal in highly contaminated field soils

    Ford, C.; Walter, M.; Northcott, G.; Di, Hong J.; Cameron, Keith C.; Trower, T.
    Abstract
    This study was conducted to improve the pentachlorophenol (PCP) bioremediation ability of white-rot fungi in highly contaminated field soils by manipulating bioaugmentation variables. These were the dry weight percentage of fungal inoculum addition (31–175 g kg⁻¹), PCP concentration (100–2137 mg kg⁻¹ PCP), fungal inoculum formulation, and time (1–7 wk). Five fungal isolates were used: the New Zealand isolates Trametes versicolor (L.: Fr.) HR131 and Trametes sp. HR577; the North American isolates Phanerochaete chrysosporium Burds. (two isolates) and Phanerochaete sordida (Karst.) Erikss. & Ryv. Pentachlorophenol removal, manganese peroxidase, and laccase activity, and the formation of chloroanisoles in the contaminated field soils were measured. The majority of PCP removed by the Trametes isolates was in the first week after bioaugmentation. The maximum PCP removal by the fungi varied from 50 to 65% from a 1065 mg kg⁻¹ PCP contaminated field soil. Pentachlorophenol was preferentially converted to pentachloroanisole (PCA) by the Phanerochaete isolates (>60%), while 2 to 9% of the PCP removed by two Trametes isolates was converted to PCA. A pH increase was measured following bioaugmentation that was dependent on PCP concentration, fungal inoculum addition, and formulation. This, together with rapid initial PCP removal, possibly changed the bioavailability of the remaining PCP to the fungi and significantly decreased the sequestering of PCP in the contaminated field soils. The research supports the conclusion that New Zealand Trametes spp. can rapidly remove PCP in contaminated field soils. Bioavailability and extractability of PCP in the contaminated field soil may significantly increase after bioaugmentation.... [Show full abstract]
    Keywords
    pentachlorophenol; removal; bioremediation; soils; Trametes; Phanerochaete; white-rot fungi; PCP; Agronomy & Agriculture; Extracellular Matrix; Basidiomycota; Lactase; Peroxidases; Soil; Time Factors
    Fields of Research
    04 Earth Sciences; 05 Environmental Sciences; 06 Biological Sciences
    Date
    2007
    Type
    Journal Article
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    • Centre for Soil and Environmental Research [17]
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    © 2007 American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, and Soil Science Society of America
    Citation
    Ford, C. I., Walter, M., Northcott, G. L., Di, H. J., Cameron, K. C., & Trower T. (2007). Fungal inoculum properties: Extracellular enzyme expression and pentachlorophenol removal in highly contaminated field soils. Journal of Environmental Quality, 36(6), 1599-1608.
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