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    Dissolved organic nitrogen : an overlooked pathway of nitrogen loss from agricultural systems?

    van Kessel, C.; Clough, Timothy J.; van Groenigen, J.-W.
    Abstract
    Conventional wisdom postulates that leaching losses of N from agriculture systems are dominated by NO₃⁻. Although the export of dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) into the groundwater has been recognized for more than 100 yr, it is often ignored when total N budgets are constructed. Leaching of DON into stream and drinking water reservoirs leads to eutrophication and acidification, and can pose a potential risk to human health. The main objective of this review was to determine whether DON losses from agricultural systems are significant, and to what extent they pose a risk to human health and the environment. Dissolved organic N losses across agricultural systems varied widely with minimum losses of 0.3 kg DON ha⁻¹yr⁻¹ in a pasture to a maximum loss of 127 kg DON ha⁻¹yr⁻¹ in a grassland following the application of urine. The mean and median values for DON leaching losses were found to be 12.7 and 4.0 kg N ha⁻¹yr⁻¹, respectively. On average, DON losses accounted for 26% of the total soluble N (NO₃⁻ plus DON) losses, with a median value of 19%. With a few exceptions, DON concentrations exceeded the criteria recommendations for drinking water quality. The extent of DON losses increased with increasing precipitation/irrigation, higher total inputs of N, and increasing sand content. It is concluded that DON leaching can be an important N loss pathway from agricultural systems. Models used to simulate and predict N losses from agricultural systems should include DON losses.... [Show full abstract]
    Keywords
    nitrogen; leaching; dissolved organic nitrogen; groundwater; Agronomy & Agriculture; Humans; Nitrates; Soil; Water Pollutants, Chemical; Water Pollution, Chemical; Agriculture; Terminology as Topic
    Fields of Research
    04 Earth Sciences; 05 Environmental Sciences; 06 Biological Sciences
    Date
    2009
    Type
    Journal Article
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    • Department of Soil and Physical Sciences [416]
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    Dissolved_Organic_Nitrogen.pdf
    DOI
    https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2008.0277
    Metadata
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    Copyright © 2009 American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, and Soil Science Society of America
    Citation
    van Kessel, C., Clough, T., & van Groenigen, J. W. (2009). Dissolved organic nitrogen: An overlooked pathway of nitrogen loss from agricultural systems? Journal of Environmental Quality, 38(2), 393-401.
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