Assessing the potential for community based tourism in areas adjacent to Bwindi Impenetrable National Park in Uganda : a case study of Kahurire village

Abstract

Since tourism is resource based, for areas with relevant resources, tourism offers an additional means of economic development. The need for rural poverty eradication, along with the current trend which emphasises community participation in development, has created potential for tourism development in areas adjacent to protected natural areas.

This study, evaluating tourism resources for potential community based tourism development, was carried out in Kahurire village which is adjacent to Bwindi Impenetrable National Park (BINP) in Uganda. BINP is a major destination for many tourists, especially primate enthusiasts, as it is a home for approximately 300 endangered mountain gorillas (Gorilla gorilla beringei).

A qualitative research approach which involved mainly field observations and in depth interviews of various stakeholders was used to determine resources that are capable of drawing tourists to Kahurire village. The study involved the development of an inventory of possible tourism resources in and around Kahurire Village. From the community's point of view, attractions, access, infrastructure, accommodation, tourist facilities and socio-cultural resources were identified and examined for their accessibility, availability, ownership, and characteristics. Consideration was given to the development of tourism in ways which the supply of tourism resources meets the needs of the host community. A model was developed that allows the assessment of tourism potential of an area, or village, adjacent to a Park relative to the suitability of tourism development.

The results of this study indicate that the village and its surroundings have high potential for tourism development based on natural and socio-cultural resources. Since the community is central to tourism development, community led and operated enterprise was the most important recommendation of the study. The study further observed that the community's support of tourism development is based on perceived economic benefits, and the lack of other economic activities in the village except for subsistence agriculture.

The study recommends that in order for the community to benefit from tourism development, their economic, social and environmental interests have to be balanced with protection and conservation of park and its biodiversity. This involves the participation and empowerment of the community and recognition of its centrality to any tourism development in their area.