Vertically transmitted endophytes as biocontrol agents

Abstract

Vertically (plant-to-seed) transmitted endophytes with biocontrol properties could circumvent the need for the application of exogenous pest and/or disease control methods in crop protection. The role of vertically transmitted endophytes as potential biocontrol agents has long been considered promising. However, with the exception of Epichloë spp. in forage grasses this promise has not been achieved. Endophyte associations in herbage species are reviewed, and seed production practices which may limit successful vertical endophyte transmission are highlighted.