New practices and training trends

Abstract

Altitude Training Since its popularity in the late 1960s, altitude training has become a commonly used mode of training for coaches and athletes worldwide. Sudden exposure to a hypoxic (low oxygen) environment or staying at altitude induces numerous physiological adaptions which can lead to an improved performance at sea level, or any level lower than the altitude being trained at (Płoszczyca, Langfort, and Czuba 2018). These mechanisms are generally attributed to either haematological, cardiovascular, or ventilator effects of altitude training, but metabolic processes, acid buffering, and mitochondrial density change are probably also involved (Czuba et al. 2017). Expected effects may be achieved by applying one of the typical altitude training methods.