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    Fractionation of copper, nickel, and zinc in metal-spiked sewage sludge

    McLaren, Ronald G.; Clucas, Lynne M.
    Abstract
    The enrichment or spiking of sewage sludge with heavy metals for experimental purposes is a fairly widely used, although sometimes controversial, technique. A study was undertaken, using a sequential fractionation scheme, to assess the degree of incorporation of Cu, Ni, and Zn into sewage sludge samples spiked with these metals and incubated for 6 mo. For all three metals, substantial proportions of the metals were incorporated into the sludge matrix, particularly as evidenced by their occurrence in the oxide-bound, organic-bound, and residual fractions. In particular, for Cu very little of the added copper remained in the sludge supernatant solution after 6 mo of incubation and, apart from at the highest level of Cu addition, there was very little difference in the fractional distribution of Cu between the Cu-spiked and non-Cu-spiked sludges. For Ni and Zn, however, although there was substantial incorporation of these metals into the sludge, the higher levels of Ni and Zn addition resulted in greater proportions of the metals in the most soluble fractions (soluble, exchangeable, specifically sorbed) compared with nonspiked sludges. The fractionation data for Ni also showed that large additions of Cu and Zn can affect the fractional distribution of Ni in the sludge. The drying of sewage sludge prior to analysis was shown to increase metal solubility in the sludge samples, and the potential implications of this finding for the prediction of sludge metal bioavailability are discussed.... [Show full abstract]
    Keywords
    fractionation; sewage sludge; heavy metals; copper; nickel; zinc; Agronomy & Agriculture; Specimen Handling; Environmental Monitoring; Sewage; Oxidation-Reduction; Biological Availability; Solubility
    Fields of Research
    04 Earth Sciences; 05 Environmental Sciences; 06 Biological Sciences
    Date
    2001
    Type
    Journal Article
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    • Centre for Soil and Environmental Research [17]
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    Copyright © 2001 American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, and Soil Science Society of America
    Citation
    McLaren, R. G., & Clucas, L. M. (2001). Fractionation of copper, nickel, and zinc in metal-spiked sewage sludge. Journal of Environmental Quality, 30(6),1968-1975.
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