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    Unweathered wood biochar impact on nitrous oxide emissions from a bovine-urine-amended pasture soil

    Clough, Timothy J.; Bertram, Janet E.; Ray, Jessica L.; Condron, Leo M.; O'Callaghan, M.; Sherlock, Robert R.; Wells, Naomi
    Abstract
    Low-temperature pyrolysis of biomass produces a product known as biochar. The incorporation of this material into the soil has been advocated as a C sequestration method. Biochar also has the potential to influence the soil N cycle by altering nitrification rates and by adsorbing NH₄⁺ or NH₃. Biochar can be incorporated into the soil during renovation of intensively managed pasture soils. These managed pastures are a significant source of N₂O, a greenhouse gas, produced in ruminant urine patches. We hypothesized that biochar effects on the N cycle could reduce the soil inorganic-N pool available for N₂O-producing mechanisms. A laboratory study was performed to examine the effect of biochar incorporation into soil (20 Mg ha⁻¹) on N₂O-N and NH₃–N fluxes, and inorganic-N transformations, following the application of bovine urine (760 kg N ha⁻¹). Treatments included controls (soil only and soil plus biochar), and two urine treatments (soil plus urine and soil plus biochar plus urine). Fluxes of N₂O from the biochar plus urine treatment were generally higher than from urine alone during the first 30 d, but after 50 d there was no significant difference (P = 0.11) in terms of cumulative N₂O-N emitted as a percentage of the urine N applied during the 53-d period; however, NH₃–N fluxes were enhanced by approximately 3% of the N applied in the biochar plus urine treatment compared with the urine-only treatment after 17 d. Soil inorganic-N pools differed between treatments, with higher NH₄⁺ concentrations in the presence of biochar, indicative of lower rates of nitrification. The inorganic-N pool available for N₂O-producing mechanisms was not reduced, however, by adding biochar.... [Show full abstract]
    Keywords
    soil nitrogen; biochar; bovine urine; Agronomy & Agriculture
    Fields of Research
    05 Environmental Sciences; 06 Biological Sciences; 07 Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences
    Date
    2010
    Type
    Journal Article
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    • Department of Soil and Physical Sciences [411]
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    Unweathered_Wood_Biochar.pdf
    DOI
    https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2009.0185
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    Copyright © 2010 Soil Science Society of America
    Citation
    Clough, T. J., Bertram, J. E., Ray, J. L., Condron, L. M., O'Callaghan, M., Sherlock, R. R., & Wells, N. S. (2010). Unweathered wood biochar impact on nitrous oxide emissions from a bovine-urine-amended pasture soil. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 74(3), 852-860.
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