Legal aspects of marine pollution
Abstract
This study examines the effectiveness of legal controls over marine pollution in preventing ocean resource user conflict and a degradation of the marine environment.
Marine pollution is defined as including both natural and human induced pollution. The major sources of pollution are from vessels, land based sources, sea bed exploration and exploitation and the atmosphere. A number of pollutants are identified including domestic sewage, pesticides, radioactive materials and oil and oil products. Marine pollution can be caused by ocean resource users resulting in conflict with other ocean resource users.
The legal controls are both international and domestic in nature. International customery law is examined and then a detailed look is taken at the international conventions. The examination shows that the conventions are limited because of their scope. They generally only consider oil pollution. Other problems are established such as the problems of enforcement, "flag" of convenience states and land based pollutants. A detailed examination of the Marine Pollution Act 1974 is then undertaken. Various limitations are shown up in this piece of legislation. Secondary legislation is shown only to control marine pollution indirectly.
In conclusion some additions to the legal controls are suggested.... [Show full abstract]
Keywords
marine pollution; legal controls; marine resources; marine environment; Marine Pollution Act 1974; marine pollutants; international treatiesFields of Research
050205 Environmental Management; 180111 Environmental and Natural Resources LawDate
1982Type
ThesisAccess Rights
Digital thesis can be viewed by current staff and students of Lincoln University only. Print copy available for reading in Lincoln University Library.Collections
Related items
Showing items related by title, author, creator and subject.
-
Livelihoods and customary marine resource management under customary marine tenure: case studies in the Solomon Islands
Tungale, Rose (Lincoln UniversityChristchurch, 2008)In many ways, coastal marine resources have provided an important source of protein, income and even employment for coastal rural Solomon Islands communities. Fishing, for instance, has always played a very important role ... -
Towards successful marine co-management in the South Island : how management of the Banks Peninsula marine environment contributes to successful co-management arrangements
Barr, Miranda (Lincoln University, 1999)The utilisation and protection of New Zealand's marine environment is of vital importance both in an economic sense, and as a resource that is highly valued by New Zealanders, Tangata Whenua and visitors for recreational ... -
The relationship between marine tourism and marine protection: A baseline study of Akaroa, New Zealand
Rose, J. S.; Shone, Michael C.; Espiner, Stephen R. (Lincoln UniversityLincoln, Canterbury., 2014-06)Nature cruises and marine eco-tourism are primary attractions of Akaroa, one of Canterbury’s most popular tourism destinations, and more recently cruise ship port. Each of the last four decades have brought forth a new ...