The key resource in efficient production is the management input used to coordinate the land, labour and capital. Yet, our understanding of this resource is still somewhat limited, especially the factors involved in improving the managerial ability of farmers. This paper summarises three tests developed to help assess managers, and uses the data collected through random surveys of all types of farmers to explain the origins of managerial ability. Survey data on the competencies farmers believe are important in successful management is reviewed, and finally a computer based teaching package to develop the important competencies is outlined. The tests developed cover managerial style, the locus of control, and aptitude.