A research update on the food value of Prionoplus reticularis (Huhu grub), an indigenous edible insect of New Zealand

Abstract

This review explores Prionoplus reticularis, an indigenous New Zealand edible insect, commonly known as the ‘Huhu grub’. With a rich history of consumption by Māori and a presence in local food festivals, Huhu grubs are gaining attention as a potential alternative protein source. Growing global populations increase the demand for nutrient-rich foods, especially protein, driving exploration of novel food sources. Huhu grubs, abundant in essential nutrients and bioactive compounds, offer promise for contributing to future protein needs. This review outlines the nutritional qualities and health implications of consuming Huhu grubs, as well as the ecological importance of Huhu grubs in New Zealand's forests for nutrient cycling and decomposition. The potential for controlled Huhu grub farming, mitigating environmental and societal impacts of wild harvesting, would promote the use of Huhu grubs as food source, aligning with global objectives for improved food security and sustainability. This review also aims to signal the need for increased research and investment in the food value of Huhu grubs. Managed appropriately, Huhu grubs have the potential to contribute to the nutritional needs of a growing population, preserving ecosystems and fostering long-term sustainability in the food industry.