Ma, WanglinRahut, DB2024-06-042024-04-292024-04-292024-04-171381-2386OU4U1 (isidoc)https://hdl.handle.net/10182/17269The 19 papers included in this special issue examined the factors influencing the adoption of climate-smart agriculture (CSA) practices among smallholder farmers and estimated the impacts of CSA adoption on farm production, income, and well-being. Key findings from this special issue include: (1) the variables, including age, gender, education, risk perception and preferences, access to credit, farm size, production conditions, off-farm income, and labour allocation, have a mixed (either positive or negative) influence on the adoption of CSA practices; (2) the variables, including labour endowment, land tenure security, access to extension services, agricultural training, membership in farmers’ organizations, support from non-governmental organizations, climate conditions, and access to information consistently have a positive impact on CSA adoption; (3) diverse forms of capital (physical, social, human, financial, natural, and institutional), social responsibility awareness, and digital advisory services can effectively promote CSA adoption; (4) the establishment of climate-smart villages and civil-society organizations enhances CSA adoption by improving their access to credit; (5) CSA adoption contributes to improved farm resilience to climate change and mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions; (6) CSA adoption leads to higher crop yields, increased farm income, and greater economic diversification; (7) integrating CSA technologies into traditional agricultural practices not only boosts economic viability but also contributes to environmental sustainability and health benefits; and (8) there is a critical need for international collaboration in transferring technology for CSA. Overall, the findings of this special issue highlight that through targeted interventions and collaborative efforts, CSA can play a pivotal role in achieving food security, poverty alleviation, and climate resilience in farming communities worldwide and contribute to the achievements of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals.23 pagesen© The Author(s) 2024climate-smart agricultureinfluencing factorscrop yieldsfarm incomesresearch progessdevelopment programsJournal Article10.1007/s11027-024-10139-z1573-1596ANZSRC::300210 Sustainable agricultural developmentANZSRC::300208 Farm management, rural management and agribusinessANZSRC::410199 Climate change impacts and adaptation not elsewhere classifiedANZSRC::370203 Greenhouse gas inventories and fluxesANZSRC::380101 Agricultural economicsANZSRC::4104 Environmental managementhttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Attribution