Methodology for incorporating environmental, social and cultural factors in practical engineering : a dissertation submitted in part fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Engineering (Natural Resources) at Lincoln University, New Zealand

Abstract

A methodology for incorporating environmental, social and cultural factors in engineering work has been developed. The methodology has been used and refined on four case study projects;irrigation, water supply and sanitation development in rural Cambodia, and a land use plan for a farm on the Kaikoura coast.

The author's understanding of the philosophy of development, and the principles and ethics of professional engineering is based on his engineering experience and relevant literature. A model of the environment and the role of engineering within the environment was developed from this understanding. The philosophy, engineering principles, and environmental model, were then used to develop a methodology for incorporating environmental, social and cultural factors in engineering. The methodology is described with reference to a project flow chart which indicates necessary processes for incorporating environmental and social considerations within the traditional project stages of planning, feasibility study, design etc ..

The four case study projects were completed successfully using this methodology. Although the methodology increased the quantity of work required to complete the projects, it also increased the quality of the work. It is believed that this approach has led to the projects achieving a bigher degree of sustainability through environmental and social sensitivity, and community involvement. It is recognised that the methodology can be improved through peer review and its application in a commercial situation.