A review of biochar and soil nitrogen dynamics
dc.contributor.author | Clough, Timothy | |
dc.contributor.author | Condron, L | |
dc.contributor.author | Kammann, C | |
dc.contributor.author | Müller, C | |
dc.date.accessioned | 2014-10-15T22:34:56Z | |
dc.date.available | 2013-04-16 | |
dc.date.issued | 2013-06 | |
dc.description.abstract | Interest in biochar stems from its potential agronomic benefits and carbon sequestration ability. Biochar application alters soil nitrogen (N) dynamics. This review establishes emerging trends and gaps in biochar-N research. Biochar adsorption of NO₃⁻, up to 0.6 mg g⁻¹ biochar, occurs at pyrolysis temperatures >600 °C with amounts adsorbed dependent on feedstock and NO₃⁻ concentration. Biochar NH₄⁺ adsorption depends on feedstock, but no pyrolysis temperature trend is apparent. Long-term practical effectiveness of inorganic-N adsorption, as a NO₃⁻ leaching mitigation option, requires further study. Biochar adsorption of ammonia (NH₃) decreases NH₃ and NO₃⁻ losses during composting and after manure applications, and offers a mechanism for developing slow release fertilisers. Reductions in NH₃ loss vary with N source and biochar characteristics. Manure derived biochars have a role as N fertilizers. Increasing pyrolysis temperatures, during biochar manufacture from manures and biosolids, results in biochars with decreasing hydrolysable organic N and increasing aromatic and heterocyclic structures. The short- and long-term implications of biochar on N immobilisation and mineralization are specific to individual soil-biochar combinations and further systematic studies are required to predict agronomic and N cycling responses. Most nitrous oxide (N₂O) studies measuring nitrous oxide (N₂O) were short-term in nature and found emission reductions, but long-term studies are lacking, as is mechanistic understanding of reductions. Stable N isotopes have a role in elucidating biochar-N-soil dynamics. There remains a dearth of information regarding effects of biochar and soil biota on N cycling. Biochar has potential within agroecosystems to be an N input, and a mitigation agent for environmentally detrimental N losses. Future research needs to systematically understand biochar-N interactions over the long term. | |
dc.format.extent | pp.275-293 | |
dc.identifier | https://www.webofscience.com/api/gateway?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=elements_prod&SrcAuth=WosAPI&KeyUT=WOS:000214868200002&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=WOS_CPL | |
dc.identifier.citation | Clough, T., Condron, L., Kammann, C., and Müller, C. (2013). A review of biochar and soil nitrogen dynamics. Agronomy, 3, 275-293. doi:10.3390/agronomy3020275 | |
dc.identifier.doi | 10.3390/agronomy3020275 | |
dc.identifier.eissn | 2073-4395 | |
dc.identifier.issn | 2073-4395 | |
dc.identifier.other | V20DV (isidoc) | |
dc.identifier.uri | https://hdl.handle.net/10182/6378 | |
dc.language.iso | en | |
dc.publisher | MDPI | |
dc.publisher.place | Switzerland | |
dc.relation | The original publication is available from MDPI - https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy3020275 - http://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/3/2/275 | |
dc.relation.isPartOf | Agronomy | |
dc.relation.uri | https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy3020275 | |
dc.rights | © 2013 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/). | |
dc.rights.ccname | Attribution | |
dc.rights.ccuri | https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ | |
dc.subject | biochar | |
dc.subject | immobilization | |
dc.subject | mineralization | |
dc.subject | nitrate leaching | |
dc.subject | nitrogen | |
dc.subject | nitrous oxide | |
dc.subject | ammonia volatilisation | |
dc.subject.anzsrc2020 | ANZSRC::3002 Agriculture, land and farm management | |
dc.subject.anzsrc2020 | ANZSRC::3004 Crop and pasture production | |
dc.title | A review of biochar and soil nitrogen dynamics | |
dc.type | Journal Article | |
lu.contributor.unit | LU | |
lu.contributor.unit | LU|Agriculture and Life Sciences | |
lu.contributor.unit | LU|Agriculture and Life Sciences|SOILS | |
lu.contributor.unit | LU|Research Management Office | |
lu.contributor.unit | LU|Research Management Office|OLD QE18 | |
lu.identifier.orcid | 0000-0002-5978-5274 | |
pubs.issue | 2 | |
pubs.place-of-publication | Switzerland | |
pubs.publication-status | Published | |
pubs.publisher-url | http://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/3/2/275 | |
pubs.volume | 3 |
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