Accurate measurements of vadose zone fluxes using automated equlibrium tension plate lysimeters: A synopsis of results from the Spydia research facility, NZ

Abstract

Automated equilibrium tension plate lysimeters (AETLs) are arguably the most accurate method to measure unsaturated water and contaminant fluxes below the root zone at the scale of up to 1 m2. The AETL technique utilizes a porous sintered stainless-steel plate to provide a comparatively large sampling area with a continuously controlled vacuum that is in “equilibrium” with the surrounding vadose zone matric pressure to ensure measured fluxes represent those under undisturbed conditions.