Advances in microbial control in integrated pest management: Entomopathogenic fungi

Abstract

The use of entomopathogenic fungi to control insect pests has been expanding in recent years, with improvements in formulation and more extensive commercialization. However, there are still limitations on their effectiveness in some situations. Combining entomopathogenic fungi with other control options has been investigated for control of a range of insects. This chapter discusses the use of entomopathogenic fungi in integrated pest management. For the bulk of this chapter, the authors provide examples of successes and explore the wider potential for entomopathogenic fungi if certain obstacles are overcome. Use in combination with conventional chemicals, other natural enemies and botanical extracts are covered, as are habitat manipulation, attraction and deterrence. Not all combinations of entomopathogenic fungi with other agents lead to improved control, and true synergy between agents is rare. However, there are many examples of improved control of target insects and mites through combinations of entomopathogenic fungi and other agents. Several case studies are provided.