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    Coffee micro-mills in Costa Rica: A non-cooperative path to regenerative agriculture?

    Ratna, Nazmun N.; Rosin, Christopher; Nunez-Solis, Maria
    Abstract
    The sustainability of coffee production in Costa Rica follows a distinctive trajectory beginning with the almost universal adoption of high-intensity production systems and associated environmental costs in the 1970s. Since that time, coffee producers have responded to market-driven initiatives such as environmental certification schemes largely through the mediation of coffee cooperatives. More recently some farming families have been able to take advantage of a growing interest among specialized coffee roasters in wealthier markets to establish direct buying relationships with producers in regions recognized for high-quality beans. In Costa Rica, this has resulted in a proliferation of micro-mills. The emerging importance of micro-mills challenges our vision of sustainable and regenerative food systems, which inherently comprise collaborative social relations – as opposed to the competitive and individualistic relations associated with market-led production. Our analysis of the social impacts of micro-mills is informed by Gibson-Graham’s concept of community economies that attributes value to non-market and non-financial social relations as well as traditional market values. Using data from focus group and qualitative interviews with households that own micro-mills, we interrogate the extent to which relationships with specific buyers impact on: inter-household and gender relations, involvement in the community, and environmental practices in coffee plantations.... [Show full abstract]
    Keywords
    coffee production; Costa Rica; cooperatives; certifications; farming practices; environment
    Fields of Research
    070108 Sustainable Agricultural Development; 160804 Rural Sociology
    Date
    2021
    Type
    Book Chapter
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    © 2021 selection and editorial matter, Jessica Duncan, Michael Carolan, and Johannes S.C. Wiskerke; individual chapters, the contributors.
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