A holistic marine biosecurity risk framework that is inclusive of social, cultural, economic and ecological values

Abstract

Effectively managing non-indigenous marine species risks demands swift, transparent decisions amid limited data and in an environment where conflicting interest across environmental, economic, social, and cultural realms exists. Conventional risk assessment tools often fail to comprehensively evaluate these risks together, leading to stakeholder dissatisfaction, conflicts and poor biosecurity outcomes. To address this, we present a structured 7-step marine biosecurity risk framework. It systematically assesses incursion's ecological, economic, social and cultural impacts, encourages stakeholder engagement and promotes inclusive decision-making. Steps include defining contexts, setting objectives, estimating consequences, determining management options, evaluating trade-offs, implementing decisions, and communicating risks effectively. A simulation using Sabella spallanzanii illustrates its application. By integrating diverse perspectives and employing audience-centred communication plans, our framework facilitates informed and equitable decisions. It standardises data examination, aiding in addressing ecological, economic, social, and cultural integrity amidst non-indigenous marine species threats.