Evaluating the impact of recycling used wool garment products on sustainable fashion in New Zealand : A thesis submitted in partal fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Commerce and Management at Lincoln University

Abstract

The extent of waste produced is one of the reasons the fashion industry is considered the largest polluter, primarily due to the production of textile waste. This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of recycling used wool garments as a sustainable fashion practice in New Zealand. It aims to assess the current practice of wool garment recycling, including its benefits, environmental and economic efficacy, and consumer perception. The current state of recycling wool garments in New Zealand is also assessed, and the collection of post-consumer wool garments, from collection through to subsequent processes, is outlined. The various steps, starting with the collection of post-consumer wool garments and proceeding through the mechanical and chemical recycling methods used in the processing of wool garments, are discussed. It highlights the benefits of environmental recycling of wool, including reduced carbon emissions and water usage, thereby underscoring the value that wool recycling holds in achieving sustainable development goals. Another critical area of concern, as captured in this research, is the economic feasibility. Evaluating the cost recovery of such recycling processes for fashionable consumers, the general research measures the profitability of cascading recycled wool into stylish products. Findings are encouraging for suppliers and producers, as they suggest a market opportunity to expand the development and promotion of recycled wool garments. Understanding consumer preferences allows producers to align product offerings with demand and invest confidently in sustainable practices that support both environmental goals and business growth.This research employs an exploratory research approach, utilising face-to-face semi-structured interviews with recycling centre managers, fashion designers, and industry specialists. This type of data is best analysed using thematic analysis to identify patterns and insights into the flow of wool recycling material within New Zealand. While the qualitative data are used, the research also acknowledges some weaknesses, including the possibility of interview bias and the difficulty of generalising the results to other countries, apart from New Zealand. The study outlines the strengths and drawbacks of encouraging people to recycle wool as a sustainable activity. Environmental impacts and business opportunities have been identified in the survey, highlighting the need for a more effective plan to change consumers' perceptions towards recycling and improve the recycling process. Recommendations are provided to policymakers and fashion brands on how to enhance recycling programs and promote collaboration with consumers. This work fills the knowledge gap in matching wool recycling with the international frameworks of sustainable development, while emphasising that further innovative contributions are still needed in the field of sustainable fashion consumption.